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The term "proxy" refers to a proxy is also referred to as proxy server software which serves in the role of a mediator a client and server via the internet. Without an intermediary the user would a request the resource directly to a server and the server would serve the requested resource directly at the request of the customer. Although this procedure is easy to grasp and use the addition of proxies can bring benefits such as more speed as well as security and privacy and many more. Apart from adding a layer of security, proxies act as a guardian for the internet between clients and servers.




In general, the bundled package of server hardware with installed proxy software is often referred in the context of proxy servers. However, this article will be focusing on the proxies that are typically referred to as software, but also when referring to web servers. We will provide a brief overview of the two principal kinds: one being forward proxy and the other being a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a distinct usage, which may be confusing due to the similar namesake convention.




This article will equip you with the understanding of what proxy services and their subtypes are, as well as the ways that they can be helpful in common configurations. In this article, you'll aware of the situations in which you can benefit by a proxy, and select the correct solution in between reverse and forward proxy in any situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy also known as an open proxy is the representative of a customer who would like to transmit requests through the internet to a server that created it. In this case, it's the scenario that all requests made by the client will be directed direct to forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting in place that of the customer, is able to look into the request. In the beginning, it will decide whether the client is authorized to submit requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it will either reject requests or redirect them to the server that originated it. The client will not be allowed an internet connection directly. it can only be able to access the details that the forward proxy allows it to connect to.




One of the most popular reasons for using forward proxy is to provide more privacy or security online. Forward proxy has the ability to connect to the internet as the client, and in this way, it is using another IP address in comparison to the IP address of your client.




Depending on how it has been set up depending on how it is configured, forward proxy may perform a variety of tasks as well as the ability to:




Beware of ads-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your location.




Forward proxies are also used in systems of centralized security and access is based upon permissions, like in workplaces. In the event that all internet traffic flows by an open forward proxy an administrator can restrict access to certain clients to the internet through the common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer which could contain multiple devices with different configurations and users the firewall can be placed at the forward proxy layer.




Be aware that forward proxy servers must be manually configured to use the reverse proxy, while forward proxies may go unnoticed by the client. The type of IP address of the client, when it is sent to the server that originated it through forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or left transparent.




There are numerous options to investigate for forward proxy services:




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server, which offers forward proxy features.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy capability.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that utilizes the HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide a complete Web server software. It is possible to refer to our instructions for setting up Squid proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP, making it more suitable for use cases such as with peer-to-peer traffic. You could also find out how to set up Dante proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy serves acting as an intermediary for the web server. It takes care of any requests that come in from clients. The web server could serve as a one server or a number of servers. Furthermore, it could be used as an app server such as Gunicorn. In all of these scenarios, a request would come from a user of the internet generally. The majority of the time the request will be directed directly to a web server that holds all the information the user is seeks. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, shielding the webserver from direct interactions with the open internet.




From an individual or user's perspective the procedure of using reverse proxy isn't any different than working with the web server directly. It's functionally the same however the client is unable to discern the difference. The client makes an request for resources, which is then followed by the receipt of it without any additional configuration needed by the client.




Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide features, like:




Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.


The direction of traffic that is using rules that you can set up.


The caching feature has been added to the app.




While centralized security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy service, reverse proxies give this benefit only to Web server layers and not to the layer that clients use. instead of the maintenance of firewalls at Web server layers that could comprise multiple servers that have different configurations, most of firewall security is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, the absence of interfacing with a firewall and responding to requests from clients via web servers allows them to focus on providing resources.




In the case of multiple servers operating behind a reverse proxy it also manages how requests are routed which server. A number of web servers could be providing the exact same service, and each offering different types of resources, or a combination of both. These servers may use an HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server, but can also include applications server protocols such as FastCGI. You can create a reverse proxy to route users to specific servers based on the requested resource, or to observe certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies also benefit from their placement before web servers due to the power of caching. Massive static resources can be set up with caching rules to ensure that they avoid having to connect to web servers for every request. There are solutions that provide the option of directly serving static assets without needing to connect to the web server at all. Furthermore, reverse proxy can handle compressing the assets.




The popular Nginx web server can be described as an effective reverse proxy solution. While you can use Nginx, Apache web server, it also comes with reverse proxy, which is an additional function of Apache in contrast to Nginx was initially designed for and is focused on reverse proxy functionality.



The distinction between Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Since "forward" or "reverse" have connotations that refer to directionality, and false connections to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic, the labels can be confusing because both types of proxies can handle both requests and responses. A better approach to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to look at the requirements of the application that you are developing.




A reverse proxy is useful when you're developing an application that can serve websites on the internet. They are your web servers for all interactions online.




Forward proxy applications are useful when they are they are used to block the client for your private use, or in a workplace setting. They can be used to represent the client's web traffic in any online interaction.




A case-based distinction instead of focusing on common naming conventions can help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified definition of a proxy with the two primary types of them that are the forward and reverse proxy. Practical applications and a look at the beneficial traits were used to define forward proxies as well as reverse proxies. If you're interested to learn more about implementation of proxies take a look at our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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