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An proxy is also known as a proxy server software that serves to act as an intermediary between client and server on the internet. Without an intermediary the user would a request the resource directly to the server and the server would serve the requested resource directly to the user. Although this procedure is easy to grasp and use using proxies, it can provide benefits like increased speed, privacy and security, and a lot more. Alongside adding a layer of security proxy servers also serve as a security guardian of the internet between users and servers.




Generally speaking, the bundle of server hardware with installed proxy software is commonly referred to in the context of proxy servers. However, this article will focus on proxy servers that are traditionally referred to as software, and also when referring to web servers. We will present a summary of the two main types: one is one that is a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a different use, which could be difficult due to the similar namesake convention.




This article will provide you with the knowledge of the types of proxy services available and their subtypes, and ways that they can be helpful for the most common setups. In this article you'll be able to discern the scenarios that you can gain by a proxy, and select the right solution between forward and reverse proxy for any scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy, also referred to as an open proxy, also known as an open serves as the representative of a customer who would like to transmit requests via the internet to the server that created it. In this situation, it's the scenario that all requests made by the client will be directed straight into the forward proxy. Forward proxy who is acting on behalf on behalf of client look at the request. In the beginning, it will decide whether the client is allowed to make requests via this particular forward proxy. Then, it can either deny requests or redirect them to the server that originated it. The client will not be able to have directly access to internet. it can only be capable of accessing the information that the forward proxy enables its connection to.




One of the most popular reasons for using forward proxy is the desire for more privacy or security online. Forward proxy is able to access the internet as a client. In this manner, it utilizes an additional IP address as opposed to your client's IP address.




Depending on how it's been set up depending on the way it has been configured, forward proxy may perform a variety of tasks in addition to the ability to:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your location.




Forward proxies are also used in systems of centralized security and access is based on permissions, such as in workplaces. If all internet traffic goes through an open forward proxy, an administrator can restrict access to certain clients to the internet through an common firewall. Instead of implementing firewalls on the client layer which could comprise multiple computers with various configurations and users A firewall could be installed on the forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind that forward proxies need to be configured manually to utilize the reverse proxy, while forward proxies may not be noticed by the user. Depending on the kind of IP address a client is transferred to the origin server through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity may be granted or left transparent.




There are numerous options to investigate for forward proxies:




Apache: A popular open-source web server, which offers forward proxy options.


Nginx is another well-known open-source web server with forward proxy capability.


Squid: A free and Open Source Forward Proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't come with a complete web server application. It is possible to refer to our instructions on how to setup Squid proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it better suited for certain scenarios like peer-topeer communication. It is also possible to learn how to set up Dante proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy serves as an agent for a server on the internet and handles any requests that come in from clients on its behalf. Web servers can function as a single server, or as a series of servers. Furthermore, it could function as an app server such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations it is possible to receive a request from a user on the internet in general. In most cases, the request would be sent directly to the web server which has all the information the user is seeks. In contrast, a reverse proxy functions as an intermediary that shields the webserver from direct interactions with the internet.




From the perspective of an individual or user's viewpoint the procedure of using reverse proxy isn't any different than working with the Web server itself. It's basically the same, but the client can't discern the difference. The client sends an request for an item, and it is followed by receiving it, with no additional configuration required from the client.




Reverse proxy proxies can provide some features, including:




Security centralized for web servers.


Directing incoming traffic based on rules that you can set up.


The caching function was added to the application.




While centralized security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy service, reverse proxies provide this benefit to Web server layers, not to the layer that clients use. Instead of maintaining firewalls on Web server layers which could comprise multiple servers that have different configurations, most of firewall security is concentrated at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, the absence of interfacing with firewalls and responding to requests made by clients through web servers enables them to focus on providing resources.




In the event of multiple servers operating behind a reverse proxy, it also controls how requests are routed which server. There are many web servers offering the same service, each serving different kinds of resources or some combination of both. These servers could use their HTTP protocol to serve as a web server in the traditional sense, but can also include applications server protocols such as FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy services to redirect customers to a specific server according to the requested resource or to adhere to certain traffic load rules.




Reverse proxies can also benefit from their positioning before web servers through the capability of caching. Massive static resources can be configured with caching rules to ensure that they don't have to communicate with web servers each time they request. There are solutions providing the option of directly serving static assets, without needing to connect to the web server at all. In addition, the reverse proxy can be used to handle compressing these assets.




The popular Nginx webserver is a reliable reverse proxy solution. Although you can utilize it, the Apache web server also has reverse proxy capabilities as an additional feature of Apache in contrast to Nginx was originally designed to and focuses on reverse proxy functionality.



The difference between Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with directionality, and false connections to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic, the labels could be confusing since both kinds of proxy services are able to handle both requests and responses. The best way to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy services is to consider the needs of the application that you are developing.




Reverse proxy can be useful when you're developing an application that can serve websites on the internet. They are your web servers in any interactions with the internet.




Forward proxy applications can be useful when they are they are used to block the client for your private use, or in a workplace setting. They represent your client's traffic for any interaction on the internet.




Utilizing case-based differentiation instead of focusing on common naming conventions can make it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article clarified the meaning of a proxy with the two main types of them that are the forward and reverse proxy. Practical applications and a look at positive characteristics were utilized for the definition of forward proxies as well as reverse proxies. If you're interested in knowing more about the implementation of proxy servers check out our guide on how to configure Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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